Python3.8对「可迭代解包」的改进
/ / / 阅读数:6551标题想了很久,最终还是直接表述了。O (∩_∩)O
Python 3 的可迭代解包
在 PEP 3132 - Extended Iterable Unpacking 里面描述了一种对可迭代对象的解包用法,Python 3 可用:
In : a, *b, c = range(5) In : a, c Out: (0, 4) In : b Out: [1, 2, 3] In : *a, = range(5) In : a Out: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] In : for a, *b in [(1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6, 7)]: ...: print(b) ...: [2, 3] [5, 6, 7] |
挺方便的,ES6 也有对应的destructuring assignment
语法实现解包数组,不过人家实现的更彻底,还可以解包对象。
不过在 Python 3.2 时引入了一个 BUG。看一个例子:
In : def a(): ...: rest = (4, 5, 6) ...: t = 1, 2, 3, *rest ...: return t ...: In : for i in a(): ...: print(i) ...: 1 2 3 4 5 6 |
其实这是一个非常简化的写法,要不然需要把 1,2,3 放在一个元组中,再 + rest:
In : (1, 2, 3) + (3, 4, 5, 6) Out: (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) |
但是上面这个例子稍微改一下:
In : def b(): ...: rest = (4, 5, 6) ...: return 1, 2, 3, *rest File "<ipython-input-38-b5a7115853e2>", line 3 return 1, 2, 3, *rest ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax |
不用变量 t, 直接返回就会抛 SyntaxError,另外就是 yield (当然要注意 return 和 yield 本身的意见不同啊):
In : def c(): ...: rest = (4, 5, 6) ...: yield 1, 2, 3, *rest File "<ipython-input-39-cf6991fcff64>", line 3 yield 1, 2, 3, *rest ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax |
Python 3.8
在 Python 3.8,修复了这个问题:
>>> def b(): ... rest = (4, 5, 6) ... return 1, 2, 3, *rest ... >>> for i in b(): ... print(i) ... 1 2 3 4 5 6 >>> def c(): ... rest = (4, 5, 6) ... yield 1, 2, 3, *rest ... >>> for i in c(): ... print(i) ... (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) |
你学到了么?